History about the Farakka Barrage
Farakka Barrage was created with the help of India, around 18 km upstream near Monohorpur, to keep Calcutta Port from silting, but it has had significant and severe consequences, mostly in southern Bangladesh.
The unilateral withdrawal of Ganges water by India not only ruined Bangladesh’s ecological and environmental system, but also put agriculture, industry, forestry, and navigation in jeopardy. The issue of Gange’s water sharing initially came to light on October 29, 1951, when Pakistani officials alerted Indian authorities to the dangers of their plan to divert a large number of dry season waters from the Ganges to resuscitate the Bhagirathi river in West Bengal. In 1952, India responded that the task had become more manageable amid preliminary study and that Pakistan’s concern with viable outcomes was just imaginary.
The extensive history of talks over the allocation of Ganges water began here. In the years leading up to 1970, the governments of Pakistan and India discussed the problem at many levels, ranging from technical experts to government chiefs. At the same time, India continued to work on the Farakka Barrage, which was completed in 1970 and is located around 18 kilometers upstream of the Bangladesh border.Bangladeshi officials took up the Ganges matter seriously with Indian authorities after their independence in 1971. In 1972, the Indo-Bangladesh Joint River Commission (JRC) was established. In a joint proclamation on May 16, 1974, the high ministers of Bangladesh and India stated their commitment to reaching a mutually agreeable allocation of water available at some point during periods of reduced flow within the Ganges before the Farakka project could be commissioned.
At a summit between Bangladesh and India in 1974, it was decided that the Farakka barrage would not be put into action until an agreement was achieved on dividing the Ganges’ dry season flow between the two countries. Bangladesh, on the other hand, permitted India to inspect the barrage’s feeder canal in 1975, allowing 310-450 cubic meters of Ganges water to be diverted from Farakkafor10 days from April 21 to May 31, 1975. For the ostensible reason of diverting more than 1130 cumec of dry season waft of this river into the Bhagirathi-Hughli river of West Bengal to flush out silt for enhancing navigability of Calcutta port, India commissioned the barrage and persisted unilateral diversion of the Ganges waft past the stipulated duration and at some point during the dry season of 1976.
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